用航空POLDER测量仪获取的方向性信息增强对北方森林冠层的识别(英文)     

Ｐ．Ｂｉｃｈｅｒｏｎ  Ｍ．Ｌｅｒｏｙ  Ｏ．Ｈａｕｔｅｃｏｅｕｒ 《遥感学报》1997,(Z1)

ＰＯＬＤＥＲ（地球反射极化和方向）仪器在ＢＯＲＥＡＳ实验中曾搭载ＮＡＳＡ的一架Ｃ１３０飞机飞行。在ＢＯＲＥＡＳ的南部地区，ＰＯＬＤＥＲ获取了各种实验场地上的ＢＲＤＦ测量值。森林覆盖地区的大的热点特征，以及十个地区上的镜面反射分量得到了描述。该文通过ＰＯＬＤＥＲ的测量数据，对向常规的光谱特征中加入通过遥感获得的方向性特征后，对各种森林覆盖的分类和区分能力的提高给出了定量化的解。当将方向信息加入常规光谱信息后，采用无监督分类时，类间耦合矩阵的各项显著减小（减小倍数为２－５倍）。这一事实证明了用遥感方向特征可以增强对ＢＯＲＥＡＬ森林覆盖的区分能力。  相似文献   

Tectonically-driven mud volcanism since the late Pliocene on the Calabrian accretionary prism,central Mediterranean Sea     

D. Praeg  S. Ceramicola  R. Barbieri  V. Unnithan  N. Wardell 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009

Mud volcanoes recently discovered on the offshore Calabrian Arc are investigated at two sites 60 km apart, in water depths of 1650--2300 m, using swath bathymetry, 2D&3D multichannel seismic and cores. The seabed and subsurface data provide information on their formation and functioning in relation to tectonic activity during the rapid Plio-Quaternary advance of the accretionary prism. Fore-arc extension and thrust-belt compression are seen to have involved two main phases of activity, separated by a regional unconformity recording a mid-Pliocene (3.5–3.0 Ma) tectonic reorganization. The two sites of mud volcanism lie in contrasting tectonic settings (inner fore-arc basin vs central fold-and-thrust belt) and record differing forms of seabed extrusive activity (twin mud cones and a caldera vs a broad mud pie). At both sites, subsurface data show that mud volcanism took place throughout the second tectonic phase, since the late Pliocene; differing forms of mud extrusion were accompanied by subsidence to form depressions beneath and within extrusive edifices up to 1.5 km thick. The basal subsidence depressions point to sources within the succession of thrusts underlying the inner to central Arc, consistent with microfossils within cored mud breccias from both sites that are derived from strata as old as Late Cretaceous.  相似文献   

大地电磁测深仪的滤波器设计     

崔岫峰  刘金枝 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(4)

本文介绍的模拟开关自动换挡滤波器,已在生产中使用,性能良好。本文着重介绍控制电路的设计原理、特点及使用方法,并对滤波电路部分作一定的讨论。由于模拟开关在导通时,存在导通电阻R_s,本文推出了加入R_s后的电路传输函数,设计了程序,计算加入R_s后的滤波器的幅频特性、相频特性,并与R_s=0的电路比较,来讨论能否满足仪器对滤波器的要求,以及减少R_s影响的办法。  相似文献   

关于准噶尔西界山带地震活动性研讨     

李凡德 《内陆地震》1994,8(3):241-246

根据地形、地貌、地震地质特征以及地震活动情况研究了准噶尔西界山带的地震活动性。认为１９９０年６月１４日原苏联斋桑７．３级地震和同年８月３日６．８级地震应属准噶尔西界山带地震。显然,准噶尔西界山带范围内的地震烈度区划（１９９０）应该调整。  相似文献   

  总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

G. Biondi  E. Cascone  M. Maugeri 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):1103-1114

The effects of earthquake induced pore pressure on seismic and post seismic stability conditions of cohesionless slopes are investigated with reference to the infinite slope scheme. In cohesionless slopes the shear strength reduction caused by pore pressure build-up may lead the slope to a deformation failure or to a flow failure if liquefaction conditions are approached. Two critical values of the seismic induced pore pressure ratio are introduced to evaluate the effect of shear strength reduction on the slope failure mechanism. The results are given in the form of stability charts and a procedure for the evaluation of the seismic stability condition is described. The procedure gives useful information about the failure mechanism that slopes may exhibit and the displacement analysis which should be carried out.  相似文献   

Origin and anatomy of two different types of mass–transport complexes: A 3D seismic case study from the northern South China Sea margin     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Integration of 2D and 3D seismic data from the Qiongdongnan Basin along the northwestern South China Sea margin has enabled the seismic stratigraphy, seismic geomorphology and emplacement mechanisms of eight separate, previously undocumented, mass–transport complexes (MTCs) to be characterized. These eight MTCs can be grouped into two types:(1) Localized detached MTCs, which are confined to submarine canyons and cover hundreds of km², consist of a few tens of km³ remobilized sediments and show long striations at their base. They resulted from small-scale mass-wasting processes induced by regional tectonic events and gravitational instabilities on canyon margins.(2) Regional attached MTCs, which occur within semi-confined or unconfined settings and are distributed roughly perpendicular to the strike of the regional slope. Attached MTCs occupy hundreds to thousands of km² and are composed of tens to hundreds of km³ of remobilized sediments. They contain headwall escarpments, translated blocks, remnant blocks, pressure ridges, and basal striations and cat-claw grooves. They were created by large-scale mass-wasting processes triggered by high sedimentation rates, slope oversteepening by shelf-edge deltas, and seismicity.Our results show that MTCs may act as both lateral and top seals for underlying hydrocarbon reservoirs and could create MTC-related stratigraphic traps that represent potential drilling targets on continental margins, helping to identify MTC-related hydrocarbon traps.  相似文献   

n—D Radon变换与波动方程偏移     

李远钦 《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》1994,3(1):30-32

本文把Ｒａｄｏｎ变换公式推广到任意ｎ维的情况。同时结合ｎ维Ｒａｄｏｎ变换和摄动理论提出了一种既能用于地面资料又能用于ＶＳＰ资料的偏移方法。  相似文献   

Broadband frequency-dependent amplification of seismic waves across Bucharest, Romania     

Henriette Sudhaus  Joachim Ritter 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):479-497

The determination of seismic amplitude amplification is a fundamental contribution to seismic hazard assessment. While often only high-frequency amplitude variations (>1 Hz) are taken into account, we analyse broadband waveforms from 0.14 to 8.6 Hz using a temporary network of 32 stations in and around the earthquake-prone city of Bucharest. Spectral amplitudes are calculated with an adaptive multiple-taper approach. Across our network (aperture 25 km × 25 km), we find a systematic northwest/southeast-oriented structural influence on teleseismic P-wave amplitudes from 0.14 to 0.86 Hz that can be explained by constructive interference in the dipping Cenozoic sedimentary layers. For higher frequencies (1.4–8.75 Hz), more local site effects prevail and can be correlated partly among neighbouring stations. The transition between systematic and localised amplitude variations occurs at about 1 Hz.  相似文献   

    

Kees Wapenaar 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(5):1033-1049

Interferometric redatuming is a data‐driven method to transform seismic responses with sources at one level and receivers at a deeper level into virtual reflection data with both sources and receivers at the deeper level. Although this method has traditionally been applied by cross‐correlation, accurate redatuming through a heterogeneous overburden requires solving a multidimensional deconvolution problem. Input data can be obtained either by direct observation (for instance in a horizontal borehole), by modelling or by a novel iterative scheme that is currently being developed. The output of interferometric redatuming can be used for imaging below the redatuming level, resulting in a so‐called interferometric image. Internal multiples from above the redatuming level are eliminated during this process. In the past, we introduced point‐spread functions for interferometric redatuming by cross‐correlation. These point‐spread functions quantify distortions in the redatumed data, caused by internal multiple reflections in the overburden. In this paper, we define point‐spread functions for interferometric imaging to quantify these distortions in the image domain. These point‐spread functions are similar to conventional resolution functions for seismic migration but they contain additional information on the internal multiples in the overburden and they are partly data‐driven. We show how these point‐spread functions can be visualized to diagnose image defocusing and artefacts. Finally, we illustrate how point‐spread functions can also be defined for interferometric imaging with passive noise sources in the subsurface or with simultaneous‐source acquisition at the surface.  相似文献   

State-of-the-art of geotechnical earthquake engineering practice     

W. D. L. Finn   《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2000,20(1-4)

Major developments in geotechnical earthquake engineering practice over the last 15 years are reviewed. The objectives of the review are to present a coherent view of the current state of practice at the highest level and to examine trends, which may shape practice in the future. Developments are described in the following areas: specification of design ground motions, dynamic response analysis, evaluation of liquefaction potential, evaluation of residual strength of liquefied soil, post-liquefaction displacement analysis, and seismic risk analysis.  相似文献