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1.
The Relative Impact of Regional Scale Land Cover Change and Increasing CO2 over China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2 
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下载免费PDF全文 A series of 17-yr equilibrium simulations using the NCAR CCM3 (T42 resolution) were performed to investigate the regional scale impacts of land cover change and increasing CO2 over China. Simulations with natural and current land cover at CO2 levels of 280,355, 430, and 505 ppmv were conducted. Results show statistically significant changes in major climate fields (e.g. temperature and surface wind speed) on a 15-yr average following land cover change. We also found increases in the maximum temperature and in the diurnal temperature range due to land cover change. Increases in CO2 affect both the maximum and minimum temperature so that changes in the diurnal range are small. Both land cover change and CO2 change also impact the frequency distribution of precipitation with increasing CO2 tending to lead to more intense precipitation and land cover change leading to less intense precipitation-indeed, the impact of land cover change typically had the opposite effect versus the impacts of CO2. Our results provide support for the inclusion of future land cover change scenarios in long-term transitory climate inodelling experiments of the 21st Century. Our results also support the inclusion of land surface models that can represent future land cover changes resulting from an ecological response to natural climate variability or increasing CO2. Overall, we show that land cover change can have a significant impact on the regional scale climate of China, and that regionally, this impact is of a similar magnitude to increases in CO2 of up to about 430 ppmv. This means that that the impact of land cover change must be accounted for in detection and attribution studies over China. 相似文献
2.
INFLUENCE OF THE SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE OVER ASIAN-PACIFIC REGION ON THE SUMMERTIME NORTHEASTERN ASIAN BLOCKING HIGH* 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Synthesis analysis and singular value decomposition (SVD) methods were used to study the impact of surface air temperature (SAT) over Asian-Pacific region on the summertime northeastern Asian blocking high (NABH) with NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Data.The results showed that 500 hPa geopotential height and SAT fields over Asian-Pacific region shared the similar pattern of East Asian Pacific (EAP) wave train;there was steady remote response relationship between the EAP wave train in summer and the "+-+" pattern of tropical SAT in zonal direction from former winter to summer;there were two relative negative(positive) Walker circulations over the tropical Indian Ocean and Pacific when being more(less) summertime NABH. The influence of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) on the summertime NABH was possibly as follows.The special distribution of SSTA in tropical zonal direction continuously forced the tropical convection and zonal circulation from former winter to summer,and led them to act anomaly.Finally the abnormal conditions were transported to middle-high latitudes through EAP wave train and yielded the advantageous or disadvantageous atmospheric circulation background for the summertime NABH. 相似文献
3.
ANALYSIS OF SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE RECORDED IN LAHORE AND MIANWALI OVER THE PAST THREE DECADES 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Surface air temperatures recorded over the past three decades at the weather stations located in Lahore (anindustrialized and densely populated city) and Mianwali (a small and sparsely populated city) were analyzed in order tostudy their climatic trend.Lahore,where meteorological data are recorded at two weather stations (city station and air-port station) indicates a cooling trend,of about 0.5℃ per record period of 1953—1992,for the airport station (31°31′N,74°24′E) and a slight warming trend,of about 0.2℃,for the city station (31°33′N,74°20′E) for the record period of 1950—1992.The Mianwali weather station (32°33′N,71°31′E) also shows a slight cooling trend,of about 0.4℃ per recordperiod of 1959—1992.The climatic variability at these stations was studied by computing seasonal and annual tempera-ture anomalies.The results are explained in terms of the local environmental conditions. 相似文献
4.
利用历史海平面气压资料分析了近百年来冬季西伯利亚高压、阿留申低压强度和位置变化特征及与中国不同区域气温的关系。分析发现中国气温，西伯利亚高压和阿留申低压中心强度，西伯利亚高压１０３０百帕等压线南伸纬度和两个大气活动中心之间的气压梯度在过去的１００年中存在１９２０年代和１９８０年代的两次突变，其中以后一次突变更为显著。１００年的大气活动中心变化与中国１００年的气温有着显著的年代际相关。在过去的５０年中，冬季大气活动中心强度及其指数变化与中国北方和东部地区的冬季气温有显著的年际相关。大气活动中心在１９８０年代的显著突变与中国乃至全球气温的突变一致。大气活动中心的多种参数表明，１９８０年代后期以来大气环流正面临着重大调整。这种调整可能预示着中国年代际气温的转变。 相似文献
5.
亚洲地面气温异常对中国汛期雨带位置的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用1980—1999年NECP/NCAR地面气温资料和中国气象局国家气象中心中国汛期雨带类型资料,计算并分析了亚洲地区地面气温与中国汛期雨带位置的关系。结果表明,亚洲地面气温与中国汛期雨带位置关系最好的区域在青藏高原,该地区的地面气温与中国汛期雨带位置之间的正相关关系具有较好的持续性,其中关系最密切的时间是5月份。对相应大气环流的合成分析发现,当5月青藏高原地面气温偏高时,热力作用使得高原地区上升气流加剧,并在115°E,25°N附近强迫出一支相对偏强的下沉气流,导致在110°～120°E,20°～25°N附近出现一个相对的反气旋性环流,该环流有利于夏季西太平洋副热带高压的北上,最终使得中国汛期雨带位置偏北。 相似文献
6.
近50年青藏高原地面气温变化的区域特征分析 总被引：41，自引：16，他引：25
青藏高原地面气温与其上空500hPa温度有着密切的关系，基于这种关系，重建得到青藏高原19502000年连续、可靠的台站地面月平均气温序列。利用重建后的地面月平均气温资料，对青藏高原年及各季节平均气温的变化进行区域划分，分析了近50年青藏高原全年及各季节气温变化的区域特征。结果表明，青藏高原的年、春、夏、秋季与冬季平均气温变化区域分别可以划分为4个区、2个区、4个区、5个区和4个区。青藏高原近50年气温总体上升，但同时存在明显的区域性和季节性差异，大部分区域的平均气温变化和高原总体升温相似，春季和冬季升温明显，特别是春季和冬季的Ⅰ区。夏、秋季升温趋势不明显，夏季Ⅰ区与秋季Ⅲ区还表现出较小的降温趋势，降温幅度分别为-0．26℃和-0．11℃。 相似文献
7.
Interannual Fluctuations of Surface Air Temperature over North America and Its Relationship to the North Pacific SST Anomaly 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The characteristics of interannual fluctuations of the surface air temperature over North America are investigated by using the surface air temperature data of 130 stations during 1941 through 1980. It is found that the surface air temperature bears about ten-year time scale oscillation over the southeastern and northwestern North America and along the west coast of the United States, and it has the characteristics of quasibiennial oscillation over the eastern North America. The ten-year scale oscillation of the surface air temperature is related to that of the sea surface temperature (SST) of North Pacific through the PNA pattern atmospheric circulation anomaly over North Pacific through North America. It is shown that the North Pacific SST has a closer association with the surface air temperature over North America than the central and eastern equatorial Pacific SST. The characteristics of the seasonal variations of the relationship between the North Pacific SST and the surface air temperature over No 相似文献
8.
中蒙干旱半干旱区冬、夏季地面气温时空变化特征分析(Ⅰ):1月 总被引：19，自引：12，他引：7
为了整体地分析中蒙干旱半干旱区冬季气温的时空变化特征，首先利用1961—1997年1月的实测气温资料，分析了平均场和标准差场，然后再选取区内104个分布相对均匀的站点，对1月气温作了经验正交函数（EOF）和旋转经验正交函数（REOF）分析。结果表明：纬度、地形及西伯利亚高压是影响冬季气温的3个主要因子；区内绝大部分地区冬季气温的年际变化〉2℃以上。根据EOF分析，区内冬季气温异常有“全区一致型”、“蒙古中东部及西部6个分区。区内冬季增暖明显，增暖中心在中蒙南边界的临河一富蕴及拐子湖东西差异型＂和＂南北差异型＂三种模态；根据REOF分析，区内的冬季气温可划分为高原东北侧、南疆、北疆、青海高原、一带，近20年平均增温达2．5℃以上，1977年是由冷转暖的突变年；区内大部分地区冬季气温变化有3～4年周期，部分地区还有8年的变化周期。 相似文献
9.
利用我国1951~2000年夏季降水观测资料分析了我国夏季降水的年代际变化特征,表明了我国夏季降水在1976年前后发生了一次明显的气候跃变,在1976年之后华北地区和黄河流域夏季降水明显减少,出现了严重持续干旱,而西北地区从20世纪70年代后期开始,降水增多,且西北地区降水振荡位相要超前于华北地区降水振荡位相5~8年。并且,本文从1960~2000年我国西北干旱、半干旱区的地温、气温观测资料分析了我国西北干旱、半干旱地区的地气温差(Ts-Ta)的变化特征,其结果表明了在20世纪70年代后期以前,我国西北干旱、半干旱地区的地气温差大部分年份偏低,低于平均值,而从70年代后期之后到2000年,我国西北干旱、半干旱地区的地气温差偏高。此外,本文还分析了西北干旱区地气温差变化的最大地区新疆西部春季地气温差与我国夏季降水的相关关系,其正相关区分别位于西北地区、东北地区和长江流域,而负相关区分别位于华北地区东部和西南地区,这表明我国西北干旱、半干旱区春季地气温差可能是华北地区夏季降水年代际变化的原因之一。 相似文献
10.
利用区域环境集成系统模式对东亚地区进行了1987年1月到1996年12月的长期积分试验,重点考察了区域气候模式对东亚地区区域气候平均状况的模拟能力.结果表明:(1) RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟出不同季节温度的空间分布以及不同区域温度的年变化;同时模式模拟的季和月平均表面大气温度与观测之间偏差大约一般在1～2℃.(2)对于降水来说,RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟降水的季节变化以及空间分布特征;同时,也能够较好地模拟不同区域降水的年变化.就季节而言,模式模拟的冬季降水最好,相对较差的为夏季;同时,模式能够较好地模拟雨带季节性移动,但模拟的雨带较观测的雨带偏北,大约为2～3纬度.(3)RIEMS模式能够模拟出东亚地区观测的湿润和干旱分布规律,但对于西北干旱区较观测偏干. 相似文献
