A THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELASTIC NESTED-GRID MESO-(β-γ)SCALE ATMOSPHERIC MODEL——PARTI:MODEL DESCRIPTION          下载免费PDF全文

刘玉宝  周秀骥  胡志晋 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1993,(3)

A three-dimensional elastic nonhydrostatic mesoscale(β-γ)model with nested-grid is presented.It uses a set of fullequations in terrain-following coordinates as its basic dynamic frame,which is solved with a time-splitting algorithmfor acoustic and gravity waves.The model physical parameterization includes a K-theory subgrid eddy mixing for cloudand free atmosphere,a bulk planetary boundary layer parameterization,and three types of sofisticated cloudmicrophysics schemes with double-parameters for hail-bearing clouds,warm clouds and snowing clouds respectively.The model is designed to be used flexibly for simulations of a variety of meso-and small-scale atmospheric processes,and can be improved as a regional and local operational NWP system in future.  相似文献   

    

Yvan Caballero  Pierre Chevallier  Robert Gallaire  Ramiro Pillco 《水文研究》2004,18(5):939-957

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大地电场观测各类干扰源的调研与分析     

马君钊  张磊  关华平  田山  马骥 《地震地磁观测与研究》2010,31(5):65-72

收集整理大地电场观测的各类干扰及变化原因,通过详尽的调研和相关分析研究,提出其常规干扰变化的识别方法,以及为提高大地电场观测资料的质量而采取的干扰抑制技术,并针对各类干扰源的机理,改进和完善现有的大地电场观测技术,提高资料的稳定性和可靠性。  相似文献   

Sensitivity Study of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998 to Different Cumulus Parameterization Schemes     

LIU Yanju  DING Yihui 《大气科学进展》2007,24(3)

In this study, the improved high-resolution regional climate model of the China National Climate Center (RegCM_NCC) is used to examine the sensitivity of the simulated circulation and rainfall during the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) period during 1998 in an effort to compare to other cumulus parameterization schemes. The investigation has indicated that the model is capable of simulating the seasonal march of the SCSSM and that the results were very sensitive to the choice of cumulus parameterization schemes. It seems that the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme simulates the process of the SCSSM onset reasonably well, which can reproduce the onset timing and dramatic changes before and after the onset, especially the upper- and lower-level wind-fields. However, there are still some discrepancies between the simulations and observations. For example, the model can not completely simulate the intensity of the rainfall or the location of the western Pacific subtropical high as well as the feature of the rapid northward propagation of seasonal rain belt.  相似文献   

  总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

WU Chunqiang  ZHOU Tianjun  SUN De-Zheng  BAO Qing 《大气科学进展》2011,28(1):80-98

Characteristics of the total clear-sky greenhouse effect (GA) and cloud radiative forcings (CRFs), along with the radiative-related water vapor and cloud properties simulated by the Spectral Atmospheric Model developed by LASGIAP (SAMIL) are evaluated. Impacts of the convection scheme on the simulation of CRFs are discussed by using two AMIP (Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project) type simulations employing different convection schemes: the new Zhang-McFarlane (NZH) and Tiedtke (TDK) convection schemes. It shows that both the climatological GA and its response to El Nio warming are simulated well, both in terms of spatial pattern and magnitude. The impact of the convection scheme on GA is not significant. The climatological longwave CRF (LWCRF) and its response to El Nio warming are simulated well, but with a prominently weaker magnitude. The simulation of the climatology (response) of LWCRF in the NZH (TDK) run is slightly more realistic than in the TDK (NZH) simulation, indicating significant impacts of the convection scheme. The shortwave CRF (SWCRF) shows large biases in both spatial pattern and magnitude, and the results from the TDK run are better than those from the NZH run. A spuriously excessive negative climatological SWCRF over the southeastern Pacific and an insufficient response of SWCRF to El Nio warming over the tropical Pacific are seen in the NZH run. These two biases are alleviated in the TDK run, since it produces vigorous convection, which is related to the low threshold for convection to take place. Also, impacts of the convection scheme on the cloud profile are discussed.  相似文献   

南京及周边地区雷达气候学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙康远  郑媛媛  慕瑞琪  夏文梅  谢志清 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2017,75(1):178-192

为了研究南京及周边地区暖季（6-9月）对流风暴的活动分布规律,利用2009-2013年6-9月长时间序列的南京多普勒天气雷达数据识别对流回波并格点化,统计并分析了南京及周边地区对流风暴的气候学分布特征,结果表明:（1）在暖季,南京及周边地区对流风暴具有明显的区域分布特征,其中7与8月为对流风暴活动高峰期,对流风暴频数分布大值中心位于南京东部沿江地区;（2）不同尺度和伸展高度对流风暴的分布特征各不相同,较大较深对流的分布大值中心更加明显;（3）对流风暴的垂直结构因月份不同而有所差异,7与8月对流风暴强度最大;（4）不同尺度和伸展高度对流风暴频数存在明显的日变化特征,呈多峰分布,主峰值区位于午后,同样,各月份对流风暴频数的日变化特征也非常明显,呈单峰或者多峰分布。   相似文献   

中国太古宙   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙大中 《地球化学》1998,27(4):309-318

根据最近10多年来中国太古宙岩石同位素地质年代学新数据和中国太古宙岩石三个主要分布地区冀东、辽东和吉林南部、太行山-五台山的时间-地层图及其对比情况,认为尚无足够的证据支持中国太古宙四分,三分方案更适合于中国太古宙的情况：约2．9Ga可以作为晚、中太古代的界线,而3.5Ga作为中、早太古代界线尚不很明晰。  相似文献   

复杂条件下深圳汝南大厦基础工程方案的优选与实践     

周嘉陵  兰凯 《地质科技情报》2005,24(Z1):93-96

位于复杂地质条件和环境条件下的深圳汝南大厦在基坑支护的施工过程中出现钻进困难,必须重新选择基础工程施工方案.结合场地特殊地质和环境条件在对人工挖孔桩、换填法、树根桩法、旋喷桩复合地基等8种基础工程施工方案进行分析与优选的基础上,借助模糊决策理论进行方法优选验算,最终选定了人工挖孔桩加部分钻(冲)成孔灌注桩的方案.采用该方案在深圳市汝南大厦的施工实践表明其施工效果良好.  相似文献   

GRAPES模式不同云物理方案对短期气候模拟的影响   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10       下载免费PDF全文

章建成  刘奇俊 《气象》2006,32(7):3-12

在胡志晋、刘奇俊云物理方案的基础上,研制了GRAPES模式的云降水显式方案。用不同云物理方案开展了短期气候（月尺度）过程的模拟试验,并与地面观测资料和NECP再分析资料进行了对比分析。模拟的结果表明,耦合了云降水显式方案的GRAPES模式较好地模拟出了中国地区降水、温度、云量、长短波辐射的特点和分布规律。气候模拟中冰相过程和暖云过程模拟的降水、温度、云量和辐射差异较大,不同相态的水凝物及其分布对辐射特征有较大的影响,混合相云物理方案的模拟结果与实况更为吻合,应使用混合相云物理方案进行短期气候的模拟。  相似文献   

华南中尺度暴雨数值预报的不确定性与集合预报试验   总被引：50，自引：0，他引：50  

陈静  薛纪善  颜宏 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2003,61(4):432-446

利用非静力MM5模式,分析了不同积云对流参数化方案对华南暖区暴雨数值预报的不确定性影响,进行了中尺度暴雨模式扰动集合预报试验。不同对流参数化方案的对流凝结加热引起不同的局地温度扰动,通过大气内部的热力动力过程,导致垂直速度的差异,进而影响网格尺度和次网格尺度降水时间、地点和强度。后续降水再通过凝结潜热释放形成新的扰动源。不同积云对流参数化方案还可引起扰动源能量传播方式不同,最终使模拟大气的动力和热力结构有差异。针对物理过程的不确定性,使用两种模式扰动方法构造集合预报扰动模式,第一种方法是随机组合不同积云对流参数化方案和边界层方案,第二种方法是扰动Grell积云对流参数化方案中主要参数振幅。集合预报结果表明,第一种方法的集合预报效果优于第二种方法,仅扰动参数振幅值似乎还不足以反映华南暴雨预报的不确定性。单一的确定性预报在暴雨落区和强度方面的可信度不稳定,集合产品能给华南暴雨过程提供更有用价值的指导预报,具有较高的应用价值。  相似文献