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1.
金秉福 《海洋科学》1998,22(5):70-71
1 山东省海洋空间资源概况1 .1 渔场数量、面积及主要鱼类主要渔场有莱州湾、烟威、石岛、青海、海州湾、连青石等 ,总面积 5 0 0 0 0 n mile2。渔区分两个 :一个是渤海湾渔业区域 ,面积约 2 70 0 0 km2 ,各种鱼类约 10 0种 ,主要经济种类有小黄鱼、黄姑、鲅鱼、鲐鱼、带鱼、鲆鲽鱼、鱼是鱼等。另一个是黄海渔业区域 ,10~ 14m以内等深线海域面积 1400 0 0 km2 ,鱼类 2 0 0余种 ,主要经济种类有小黄鱼、大黄鱼、带鱼、叫姑、真鲷、鳗鱼、青鱼等。近岸渔场是山东省渔业生产的主要作业区。包括 :( 1)黄河口附近渔场 ,主捕小黄鱼、鳓鱼等 ;( …  相似文献   

2.
以海洋生态系营养动力学为基础 ,采用Steele模式估算闽南 台湾浅滩渔场中上层鱼类资源年生产量为 86 4.6 3kt,进而以鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源在中上层鱼类资源的比例 ,估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的年生产量为 5 1 9.5 6kt。Gulland和MSY简单模式估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的最大持续产量分别为 2 5 0 .5 7kt和 2 5 9.78kt。Schae fer和Fox剩余产量模式估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的最大持续产量分别 2 36 .0kt和2 34.1kt,最大持续捕捞力量分别为 1 1 40 4.1和 1 2 6 6 6 .6MW·d ,折算为福建灯光围网渔船分别为 42 4和 471组 ,并从开发现状和种群生态学及捕捞死亡等参数分析鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的开发前景。  相似文献   

3.
基于2006~2007年福建沿岸海域4个航次的底拖网调查,分析了福建沿岸海域石首鱼科鱼类的资源现状.结果表明:4个航次共捕获石首鱼类16种,其中春季捕获石首鱼类10种,夏季和冬季均捕获14种,秋季捕获12种.不同航次捕获的石首鱼类占所有鱼类总渔获量的比例为10.43%~23.23%,平均15.71%.平均资源密度和平均个体密度分别为81.49 kg/km2和3 663.06 ind./km2.平均资源密度和平均个体密度均以秋季最高,分别为130.02 kg/km2和5 702.64 ind./km2.闽东沿岸海域、闽江口及其附近海域、闽中沿岸海域和厦门沿岸海域石首鱼类的全年平均资源密度分别为70.75、96.23、22.54和84.57 kg/km2.在各种石首鱼类中,叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)的资源密度和个体密度最大,其次是丁氏(Wak tingi).叫姑鱼的相对重要性指数最高,为871.01,仅叫姑鱼为优势种.与近20 a前的调查资料相比较,石首鱼类的渔获量占鱼类总渔获量的比例升高,但资源密度显著下降,必须采取措施,避免开发强度的继续增加,以利于其资源的可持续利用.  相似文献   

4.
鲲鱼是一种集群性强、昼夜垂直移动明显的中、上层小型鱼类,主要分布于南北半球的温带水域。 80年代以前,由于对鲲鱼资源的利用价值认识不足,因而鳀鱼资源一直未被大规模地开发利用。随着传统经济鱼类资源的衰退,鳀鱼的开发利用越来越引起人们的重视,使其由过去  相似文献   

5.
鱼类群落结构和功能群组成是了解水域生态系统的结构和功能的基础,本研究基于2018年4月、6—11月底拖网鱼类资源调查数据,分析了天津近海鱼类群落结构和功能群组成。调查共捕获鱼类23种,隶属于6目14科20属,主要以暖温性底层鱼类和中上层鱼类为主。优势种以矛尾鰕虎鱼(Chaetueichthysstigmatias)、六丝矛尾鰕虎鱼(Chaetueichthyshexanema)、短吻红舌鳎(Cynoglossusjoyneri)等小型鱼类为主,其中矛尾鰕虎鱼为各月共有优势种。根据月间CLUSTER聚类分析结果,可将天津近海鱼类群落分为3个组,其中,4月为一组,6—9月为一组,10—11月为一组。根据各鱼种饵料组成进行聚类分析,天津近海鱼类群落由浮游动物食性功能群、广食性功能群、杂食性功能群、虾/鱼食性功能群、鱼食性功能群和底栖动物食性功能群,其中杂食性功能群、虾/鱼食性功能群和广食性功能群为主要功能群。  相似文献   

6.
摘 要:为了解天津近海鱼类群落结构和食性功能群结构的组成,于2018年4月、6—11月采用底拖网采样对该海域鱼类资源进行调查,以阐明天津近海鱼类资源群落结构和食性功能群结构现状。结果表明:本次调查共捕获鱼类23种,隶属于6目14科20属,其中鲱形目6种,胡瓜鱼目1种,鲉形目1种,鲻形目1种,鲈形目12种,鲽形目2种。月间优势种以小型鱼类为主,其中矛尾鰕虎鱼为各月共有优势种。根据鱼类栖所类型划分,大陆架浅水底层鱼类9种,大陆架浅水中上层鱼类7种,大陆架浅水中底层鱼类共4种,大陆架岩礁性鱼类2种,大陆架大洋洄游性中上层鱼类1种。根据鱼类适温类型划分,暖温性鱼类15种,暖水性鱼类6种,冷温性鱼类2种。据月间CLUSTER聚类和MDS分析结果可知,天津海域月间鱼类群落结构分为3个群组,其中6—9月为一组,10、11月为一组,4月为一组。根据各鱼种食物组成的出现频率百分比组成进行聚类分析,天津近海鱼类群落由6个功能群组成,包括浮游动物食性功能群、 广食性功能群、杂食性功能群、虾/鱼食性功能群、鱼食性功能群和底栖动物食性功能群。研究表明,天津近海鱼类种类较少,且以小型鱼类为主,以杂食性功能群、虾/鱼食性功能群和浮游动物食性功能群为主要功能群。  相似文献   

7.
十年来我国四种主要海产经济鱼类生态的调查研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
由于地理条件及海洋环境的优越,我国近海海洋鱼类的资源十分丰富。具有经济价值的海产鱼类约50种,其中年产量超过十万吨的有带鱼(Trichiurus haumela)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)和大黄鱼(P.crocea),超过一万吨的有鳓鱼(Ilisha elongata)、海鳗(Muraenesox cinereus)及鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)等,其它则一般为数千吨。上述重要经济鱼类均系中下层或中上层鱼类。  相似文献   

8.
本文从扩大低值鱼类利用途径出发,探索以低值鱼类的蛋白质制造具有肉类组织结构特征的模拟食品的基本条件及可行性,就纺制人造鱼肉蛋白纤维的工艺条件如凝固液组成、纺丝速度等进行了研究,对鱼肉蛋白纤维的化学成分作了分析,利用电镜观察蛋白纤维的结构形态。  相似文献   

9.
阎淑珍 《海洋科学》2006,30(5):74-77
1青鱼资源与环境和人的因素鱼类资源属再生资源,由于其可以繁衍、生长发育,组成一定数量的群体,进行索饵洄游和生殖洄游,群体才可以发展成一定规模成汛,是人类获得动物蛋白的重要途径,鱼类提供的是优质蛋白,而且鱼类为人类提供富含不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油和健脑的三A。鱼群体可以通  相似文献   

10.
鳀鱼(Engraulis japonicus T. & S.)是鲱亚日(Clupeoidei)鳀科(Engrau1idae)的一种近海中上层小型鱼类,太平洋西北海区,如我国、朝鲜、日本及苏联远东水域均有分布。鳀类可供制鱼粉、鱼酱、鱼干或提炼鱼油等。近十多年中,全球渔业捕捞产量增加最大的是鳀科鱼类;最突出的是秘鲁鳀鱼(E. ringens) 其产量曾跃居世界第一位。 各国学者对鳀鱼类作了不少研究,尤其是欧洲学者对欧洲鳀鱼(E. encrasicholus) ,日本学者对鳀鱼,在繁殖习性、种群、洄游、分布和生产预报等方面作了不少研究。我国对这种鱼类过去注意得很少。根据捕捞经验,水产部门、科技工作者及渔民都认为,这种鱼类资源潜力不小,因而把它作为重要研究课题之一。 但由于研究不够充分,捕捞加工技术也未完全解决,目前这种鱼类资源尚未充分开发利用。  相似文献   

11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ~200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ~380 km from the coast at a depth of ~250 m above the sea level.  相似文献   

12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.  相似文献   

13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

14.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。  相似文献   

15.
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

16.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared.  相似文献   

17.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明:黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。  相似文献   

18.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.  相似文献   

19.
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption (fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem, which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge, water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.). Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

20.
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.  相似文献   

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