首页 | 官方网站   微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
提高地面地震资料垂向分辨率是地球物理领域研究的难点和热点.本文提出了基于系统辨识利用测井资料提高地面地震资料分辨率的新方法.通过地层对地震波吸收的线性系统假定,首先建立了地面地震信息与声波测井信息相互联系的理论模型,然后基于系统辨识技术估计地层对地震波吸收的系统特性,进而对地面地震资料进行补偿性高频恢复.对不同分辨率的正演模拟资料、实际地面地震资料的处理结果表明,该技术在保持原地震资料主要特征不变的条件下,使主频为代表的优势频带提高约10~20Hz,频带拓宽约10Hz,有效提高了地震资料的垂向分辨率.  相似文献   

2.
宋维琪  刘仕友 《地震地质》2005,27(2):308-315
由于地震资料是带限的,而井资料约束反演过程中的地震反演频带的展宽也是有一定限度的,使得反演地震波阻抗也是带限的。如何进一步拓宽反演地震波阻抗的频带宽度,提高地震资料的分辨率是文中研究的内容。利用井约束下的地震反演波阻抗资料、地震资料及井资料,借鉴地质模拟技术,研究如何利用地层的空间相对稳定性特征,通过相关函数的分析,估计反演更高分辨率的地震波阻抗资料。考虑到地质体空间的相关性及分辨率,相关半径取相关函数从最大点到第1个极值点的范围。在目标函数的计算过程中,既考虑当前计算点的权系数信息,又考虑井外推时的权系数信息,这样使计算结果更加稳定可靠。通过综合模拟计算,能够识别较小砂体  相似文献   

3.
地震波在地下传播时存在能量衰减,呈现非平稳性,导致地震资料的分辨率降低,不利于储层刻画.为了解决这个问题,需要对地震记录进行衰减补偿来消除非平稳性.考虑到GRU(Gated Recurrent Unit)即门控循环单元在处理时间序列时具有长时和短时记忆的优势,本文构建了以GRU为主导的网络结构(简称GRU网络),提出了基于GRU网络的地震衰减补偿方法.实际地震数据处理中,测井资料往往非常有限,导致标签数据较少.为解决小样本问题,本文借鉴自编码器的思想,除井旁道和测井合成地震记录的标签外,将其余地震记录作为无标签数据引入训练,半监督地学习非平稳数据到平稳数据的非线性映射,实现了地震记录的衰减补偿.最后利用含噪合成地震记录和实际地震资料测试了本文提出的方法,证明了其有效性.  相似文献   

4.
井间地震资料测井约束层析成像   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用井间地震资料进行层析成像,由于受观测角的限制,其成像过程具有很强的不稳定性.为了提高成像过程的稳定性,本文将测井资料引入到反演过程中,利用测井资料约束井间地震反演成像过程.采用假设模型进行数值模拟和反演实验,并与无约束反演方法进行对比实验,多种反演结果对比表明,测井约束反演方法改善了层析成像过程的稳定性,提高了成像结果的精度.  相似文献   

5.
凌云 《地球物理学进展》2021,36(4):1554-1559
储层是一种包含固体骨架和流体的孔隙介质,所以在探测频率变化时,储层表具有明显的频散现象.这种现象在地震探测频带(100 Hz)和测井探测频带(1000 Hz)之间表现的愈发明显,且不可忽视.这就对储层预测中地震和测井资料的联合应用造成影响,使一些细小的烃类异常被井震频散引起的差异所掩盖.针对这种现象,本文提出了一种消除井震频散差异的技术和应用流程:在孔隙介质理论的基础上,利用测井数据计算目标区速度随频率变化的曲线,进而估算井震频散差异,并应用于地震反演解释的一系列流程.该技术在西非尼日利亚地区进行了应用,并取得了较好的效果.  相似文献   

6.
近地表吸收衰减是影响地震资料分辨率的重要因素,而求取准确的近地表品质因子Q值并进行补偿是解决这一问题的关键.为提高近地表Q建模精度,提出了一种利用微测井和地面地震数据初至的近地表Q反演方法.首先采用单尺度Gabor变换,对微测井初至进行时频谱求取,并基于频谱比法的思想求取微测井点处的Q值,然后对地面地震初至进行拾取和等效衰减量求取,以地面地震初至波的等效衰减量为匹配目标,建立微测井Q约束的目标函数,通过反演求解实现近地表Q建模.本方法能够同时借助微测井资料的纵向高精度和地面地震的横向高采样率,建立较为准确合理的近地表Q模型.对实际资料近地表Q建模与偏移补偿测试结果的分析表明,本文方法是正确和有效的.  相似文献   

7.
测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的应用   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
利用地震技术解决岩性问题在煤田勘探中一直是近年来人们研究的一个热门课题,与其他地震反演技术相比,测井约束反演技术不仅可提高原始地震资料的垂向分辨率,而且将地震波转换为层的信息,因此正在岩性勘探中得到广泛应用.本文介绍了测井约束反演技术的原理及影响因素,并以开滦集团荆各庄矿某采区岩性勘探为例,说明了测井约束反演技术在煤田三维地震岩性勘探中的具体方法和应用效果。  相似文献   

8.
井间地震资料精细解释方法研究与应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
井间地震资料分辨率很高,但是缺乏成熟的解释方法,本文针对井间地震资料的特点,借鉴地面地震解释技术对井间地震资料开展了精细解释方法研究.首先在深度域资料特点分析的基础上,利用区域速度和层析成像速度将深度域井间地震资料转换到时间域进行研究,并通过粗化降频建立起井间地震资料与地面地震资料之间的相似性联系,得到对井间地震低频反射特征的认识,结合井旁道合成地震记录标定建立起井间地震资料的反射特征,准确的解释了井间地震的反射层位.采用地震瞬时属性分析和时频属性分析得到了对沉积环境的认识,进一步通过波阻抗反演更好的认识井间储层特征.在实际应用中综合多种方法进行解释,并结合测井资料对比落实了井间砂体展布特征,得到对井间储层的精细描述结果,解决了两口井之间储层分布范围、横向连通性及厚度变化等问题,取得了较好的应用效果.  相似文献   

9.
多尺度地震波资料匹配研究进展   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
随着勘探技术的发展,如何将地表地震、测井、VSP、岩石物理等方面的观测资料有机地联系起来,从而探索不同尺度资料之间的内在联系与匹配技术并应用于生产实践,已经成为人们关注的热点.本文首先从地表地震与测井、地表地震与VSP、地表地震与岩石物理三方面回顾了前人的研究成果,阐述了相关的主流方法与技术的优缺点与适用性.分析了多尺...  相似文献   

10.
目前时间域地震反演能将测井资料纵向高分辨率和地震资料横向波组特征两者的优势结合起来,估算出地层的岩性、物性横向变化特征,但由于时间域地震反演的局限性无法满足储层精细描述的需求.而深度域地震反演因避免测井曲线重采样问题保留更多的薄层反射信息,提供更精确的低频模型而广受重视.本文从深度域地震子波分析与井震标定的伪深度校正出发,探究深度域地震子波形态及影响地震波的主要因素,提出测井伪深度技术解决了深度域地震合成记录的匹配问题,通过对琼东南盆地深度域反演证实了该深度域反演方法的有效性,进一步明确了盆地内寻找优质储层的方向,为勘探目标的寻找与优选提供科学的理论指导.  相似文献   

11.
利用能够整合测井信息与井间地震信息的地质统计学随机模拟方法,结合传统的地质统计学反演思路,得到了一种能够同时整合测井、井间地震与地面地震三种先验信息的地质统计学反演与储层建模方法.由于井间射线信息、测井信息与地面地震数据在随机反演与建模过程当中都得到了尊重,因此与传统地质统计学反演仅利用了测井与地面地震数据相比,本文的地质统计学反演与建模方法更充分地利用了先验信息,有效提高了反演的精度,降低了随机建模中的多解性.基于理论数据的测试证实了上述观点.  相似文献   

12.
Seismic data have still no enough temporal resolution because of band-limited nature of available data even if it is deconvolved. However, lower and higher frequency information belonging to seismic data is missing and it is not directly recovered from seismic data. In this paper, a method originally applied by Honarvar et al. [Honarvar, F., Sheikhzadeh, H., Moles, M., Sinclair, A.N., 2004. Improving the time-resolution and signal–noise ratio of ultrasonic NDE signals. Ultrasonics 41, 755–763.] which is the combination of the most widely used Wiener deconvolution and AR spectral extrapolation in frequency domain is briefly reviewed and is applied to seismic data to improve temporal resolution further. The missing frequency information is optimally recovered by forward and backward extrapolation based on the selection of a high signal–noise ratio (SNR) of signal spectrum deconvolved in signal processing technique. The combination of the two methods is firstly tested on a variety of synthetic examples and then applied to a stacked real trace. The selection of necessary parameters in Wiener filtering and in extrapolation are discussed in detail. It is used an optimum frequency windows between 3 and 10 dB drops by comparing results from these drops, while frequency windows are used as standard between 2.8 and 3.2 dB drops in study of Honarvar et al. [Honarvar, F., Sheikhzadeh, H., Moles, M., Sinclair, A.N., 2004. Improving the time-resolution and signal–noise ratio of ultrasonic NDE signals. Ultrasonics 41, 755–763.]. The results obtained show that the application of the purposed signal processing technique considerably improves temporal resolution of seismic data when compared with the original seismic data. Furthermore, AR based spectral extrapolated data can be almost considered as reflectivity sequence of layered medium. Consequently, the combination of Wiener deconvolution and AR spectral extrapolation can reveal some details of seismic data that cannot be observed in raw signal or which lost during the previous processing.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract High-resolution seismic stratigraphy of the Yamato Basin, Japan Sea, was successfully established using core-log-seismic data integration. The construction of synthetic seismograms by the combination of physical properties and well-log data from the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 797 was the key to accomplishing the high-resolution seismic stratigraphy. To achieve resolution comparable with well-log data and core lithology, single channel seismic reflection data taken from ODP underway geophysics were reprocessed, and then carefully compared with synthetic seismogram, core and well log profiles to identify seismic units. Ten seismic stratigraphic units were identified at the site, and seismic stratigraphic interpretation was successfully extended from the site to the nearby area along the Yamato Basin margin. The opal-A/opal-CT (biogenic silica/metastable diagenetic silica) boundary has different appearances at places from strong to weak, and mostly discontinuous. One of the significant results achieved from this study is clear distinction of the opal-A/CT boundary from a very strong reflector, which appears at 22 m below the opal-A/CT boundary. Through well-log and physical properties characterization of the different units, resistivity was found to be the best indicator of diatom content and with gamma-ray it also is an indicator of chert layers in the opal-CT zone. Velocity is not greatly effected by diatom ooze in the opal-A zone, however, it shows strong peaks and has an indirect relationship with gamma-ray in the opal-CT zone. Finally, successful correlation of Gamma-ray Attenuation Porosity Evaluator density and resistivity peaks with strong seismic reflectors from upper and lower stratified layers may provide new information on the late Neogene paleoceanography of the Japan Sea in high-resolution scale.  相似文献   

14.
致密砂岩储层普遍具有孔隙度低、微裂隙发育的特点,岩石内部常含有强烈的结构非均质性.致密砂岩发育的微裂隙使储层具有良好的连通性,促成高饱和气的天然气成藏.针对川西某探区须家河组高含气饱和度致密砂岩,本文选取致密砂岩岩心样本,进行了不同围压下的超声波实验测量.考虑储层完全饱气情况下的粒间孔隙、微裂隙双重孔隙结构,采用Biot-Rayleigh双重孔隙方程,构建致密砂岩岩石物理模型,进而分析了裂隙含量对纵波频散和衰减的影响.基于地震波衰减,构建了致密砂岩多尺度岩石物理图板.采用谱比法和改进频移法估算致密砂岩样本及储层衰减,对超声和地震频带下的图板进行校正.将校正后的图板应用到研究工区,选取二维测线和三维区块,进行储层孔隙度和裂隙含量的定量预测.对比实际资料进行分析,结果显示,本文预测的孔隙度和裂隙含量与三口测井的孔隙度曲线和实际产气情况基本吻合,基于孔隙-裂隙衰减岩石物理模型有效地预测了优质储层的分布区域.  相似文献   

15.
袁成  李景叶  陈小宏 《地球物理学报》2015,58(10):3825-3836
地震岩相识别能够提供具有不同储层特征的岩相分布信息,对岩相识别的不确定性开展定量评价分析可降低后期油藏建模与储层评价的风险.考虑了地震岩相识别中测井岩相定义、岩石物理建模、井震尺度匹配及地震反演等环节的不确定性对岩相识别的影响,基于概率统计方法,引入熵函数实现了地震岩相识别不确定性定量评价,并结合岩相概率、重建率等多角度综合定量分析不确定性的构成及传递特征,系统地实现了地震岩相识别不确定性评价流程的整体连通.提出了结合属性交绘特征约束反演参数空间,提高地震岩相识别运算效率.模拟数据分析表明利用熵函数可精确实现岩相识别不确定性地定量表征,利用属性交绘特征约束参数空间既大幅度减少运算量,也可降低地震岩相识别的不确定性.  相似文献   

16.
Most modern seismic imaging methods separate input data into parts (shot gathers). We develop a formulation that is able to incorporate all available data at once while numerically propagating the recorded multidimensional wavefield forward or backward in time. This approach has the potential for generating accurate images free of artiefacts associated with conventional approaches. We derive novel high‐order partial differential equations in the source–receiver time domain. The fourth‐order nature of the extrapolation in time leads to four solutions, two of which correspond to the incoming and outgoing P‐waves and reduce to the zero‐offset exploding‐reflector solutions when the source coincides with the receiver. A challenge for implementing two‐way time extrapolation is an essential singularity for horizontally travelling waves. This singularity can be avoided by limiting the range of wavenumbers treated in a spectral‐based extrapolation. Using spectral methods based on the low‐rank approximation of the propagation symbol, we extrapolate only the desired solutions in an accurate and efficient manner with reduced dispersion artiefacts. Applications to synthetic data demonstrate the accuracy of the new prestack modelling and migration approach.  相似文献   

17.
The main objective of the AVO inversion is to obtain posterior distributions for P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and density from specified prior distributions, seismic data and well-log data. The inversion problem also involves estimation of a seismic wavelet and the seismic-noise level. The noise model is represented by a zero mean Gaussian distribution specified by a covariance matrix. A method for joint AVO inversion, wavelet estimation and estimation of the noise level is developed in a Bayesian framework. The stochastic model includes uncertainty of both the elastic parameters, the wavelet, and the seismic and well-log data. The posterior distribution is explored by Markov-chain Monte-Carlo simulation using the Gibbs' sampler algorithm. The inversion algorithm has been tested on a seismic line from the Heidrun Field with two wells located on the line. The use of a coloured seismic-noise model resulted in about 10% lower uncertainties for the P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and density compared with a white-noise model. The uncertainty of the estimated wavelet is low. In the Heidrun example, the effect of including uncertainty of the wavelet and the noise level was marginal with respect to the AVO inversion results.  相似文献   

18.
Preserving the structural and stratigraphic discontinuities or edges is essential in seismic data processing and interpretation. According to several numerical experiments, it is obvious that random noise has a constant spectral density, whereas the structural features vary significantly within different frequency bands, which means that the ratio between the densities of noise and structural features varies significantly in different frequency bands. Therefore, we propose a method called adaptive hybrid diffusion to attenuate random noise, which utilizes a novel adaptive frequency-based parameter. First, the adaptive hybrid diffusion method decomposes the seismic sections into several band-limited portions using variational mode decomposition. These portions are called intrinsic mode functions, in which noise and structural energy have distinct differences. Subsequently, utilizing the adaptive frequency-based parameter, each intrinsic mode function is divided into several monotonous portions that represent the noise or structural area. Afterwards, the total variation and L2 minimization algorithms are utilized separately to suppress the noise in different band-limited monotonous areas. The algorithms are chosen dynamically, as the portion changes with the change in the adaptive parameter. Finally, these denoised portions are combined to obtain the denoised seismic section. Experimental results on synthetic and field seismic data showed that seismic noise is effectively suppressed by the adaptive hybrid diffusion method, with the edge details of seismic events well preserved.  相似文献   

19.
储层弹性与物性参数可直接应用于储层岩性预测和流体识别,是储层综合评价和油气藏精细描述的基本要素之一.现有的储层弹性与物性参数地震同步反演方法大都基于Gassmann方程,使用地震叠前数据,通过随机优化方法反演储层弹性与物性参数;或基于Wyllie方程,使用地震叠后数据,通过确定性优化方法反演储层弹性与物性参数.本文提出一种基于Gassmann方程、通过确定性优化方法开展储层弹性和物性参数地震叠前反演的方法,该方法利用Gassmann方程建立储层物性参数与叠前地震观测数据之间的联系,在贝叶斯反演框架下以储层弹性与物性参数的联合后验概率为目标函数,通过将目标函数的梯度用泰勒公式展开得到储层弹性与物性参数联合的方程组,其中储层弹性参数对物性参数的梯度用差分形式表示,最后通过共轭梯度算法迭代求解得到储层弹性与物性参数的最优解.理论试算与实际资料反演结果证明了方法的可行性.  相似文献   

20.
本文引入启动函数拓展传统的地层转换模型,在该模型中利用奇异性信息量化地层速度的突变特征,并基于传统的褶积模型研究奇异性信息在波阻抗到合成地震记录之间的传递性.研究结果表明,地震记录中较好地保留了地层介质的奇异性特征,因而从地震记录中提取的奇异性信息除了可以帮助进行地震解释外,还可以作为介质波阻抗反演的有力的支持工具.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司    京ICP备09084417号-23

京公网安备 11010802026262号