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1.
An approach to analyze the seismic reliability of water distribution networks by combining a hydraulic analysis with a first-order reliability method (FORM), is proposed in this paper. The hydraulic analysis method for normal conditions is modified to accommodate the special conditions necessary to perform a seismic hydraulic analysis. In order to calculate the leakage area and leaking flow of the pipelines in the hydraulic analysis method, a new leakage model established from the seismic response analysis of buried pipelines is presented. To validate the proposed approach, a network with 17 nodes and 24 pipelines is investigated in detail. The approach is also applied to an actual project consisting of 463 nodes and 767 pipelines. The results show that the proposed approach achieves satisfactory results in analyzing the seismic reliability of large-scale water distribution networks.  相似文献   

2.
The seismological observation system in China has experienced rapid development over the Tenth Five-year Plan period. China Earthquake Administration (CEA) has completed the establishment of China digital seismological observation network. CEA has accomplished analog-to-digital conversion of the existing seismological observation systems and set up a number of new digital seismic stations. This indicates full digitization of seismological ob-servation in China. This paper presents an overview of the scale,layout principle and major functions of the up-dated national digital seismograph network,regional digital seismograph network,and digital seismograph net-work for volcano monitoring and mobile digital seismograph networks in China.  相似文献   

3.
1With the development of science and technology, the digital seismograph system has been adopted in large quantities for earthquake observation in China in recent years, which will replace gradually the original analog seismograph system. This is a big leap in the earthquake observation. The digital seismograph system make it pos-sible for us to perform fast great earthquake reports, obtain more information from earthquake records, which comes from the Earth interior media and the source proce…  相似文献   

4.
Using digital seismograms recorded by the Gansu digital seismic network, the inelastic attenuation coefficient is calculated based on a genetic algorithm and the method proposed by Atkinson. Then, the site response and source parameters are investigated by the Moya method. The inversion results indicate the frequency-dependent inelastic attenuation, Q value, in the southeastern Gansu is estimated as Q (f) : 404.2f^0.264 . Except for the Tianshui station, the site responses of the other stations do not show significant amplifications, which is consistent with their basement on rocks. The stress drops of all 39 earthquakes range between 1 × 10^5 and 7 × 10^6 Pa. We also found the dependence of corner frequency on seismic moment and seismic magnitude.  相似文献   

5.
Weak Seismic Signal Extraction Based on the Curvelet Transform   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
Seismic signal denoising is a key step in seismic data processing. Airgun signals are easy to be interfered with by noise when it travels a long distance due to the weak energy of active source signal of the airgun. Aiming to solve this problem, and considering that the conventional Curvelet transform threshold processing method does not use the seismic spectrum information, we independently process the Curvelet scale layer corresponding to valid data based on the characteristics of the Curvelet transform of multi-scale, multi-direction and capable of expressing the sparse seismic signals in order to fully excavate the information features. Combined with the Curvelet adaptive threshold denoising the algorithm, we apply the Curvelet transform to denoising seismic signals while retaining the weak information in the signal as much as possible. The simulation experiments show that the improved threshold denoising method based on Curvelet transform is superior to the frequency domain filtering, wavelet denoising and traditional Curvelet denoising method in detailed information extraction and signal denoising of low SNR signals. The calculation accuracy of the relative wave velocity variation of underground medium is improved.  相似文献   

6.
An urban water supply network(WSN)is a crucial lifeline system that helps to maintain the normal functioning of modern society.However,the hydraulic analysis of a significantly damaged WSN that suffers from pipe breaks or leaks remains challenging.In this paper,a probability-based framework is proposed to assess the functionality of WSNs in the aftermath of powerful earthquakes.The serviceability of the WSN is quantified by using a comprehensive index that considers nodal water flow and nodal pressure.This index includes a coefficient that reflects the relative importance of these two parameters.The demand reduction(DR)method,which reduces the water flow of nodes while preventing the negative pressure of nodes,is proposed.The difference between the negative pressure elimination(NPE)method and the DR method is discussed by using the example of a WSN in a medium-sized city in China.The functionality values of the WSN are 0.76 and 0.99 when nodal pressure and nodal demands are used respectively as the index of system serviceability at an intensity level that would pertain to an earthquake considered to occur at a maximum level.When the intensity of ground motion is as high as 0.4 g,the DR method requires fewer samples than the NPE method to obtain accurate results.The NPE method eliminates most of the pipes,which may be unrealistic.  相似文献   

7.
In this paper,a test or alternative scheme for studying large earthquake sequences through the study of small earthquake sequences is suggested,and a small earthquake sequence,the Lima earthquake sequence for which analogue records have been turned into digital data,is used here.In order to provide the deep construction background and the spatial distribution of structure for generating earthquakes,the P-wave and S-wave layered velocity models in this area are obtained by using mine explosion and earthquake observed records; then,the hypocenter locations and focal depths of the Lima earthquake sequence are determined adopting the velocity models given above and using a location method with numerical properties for a microseismic monitoring network(Zhao et al.,1994)and a new method for determining focal depth from data of a local seismographic network(Zhao,1992); finally,based on this,the variation of quality factor Q of the crustal medium during the period of the sequence is estimated.The obtained resul  相似文献   

8.
Receiver functions(RFs)obtained using teleseismic wave records at a seismic station and synthetic seismograms indicate that RF with a single teleseismic wave record is related to the selection of record section and to the calculating parameters of the RF.The scatter noise contained in the seismogram also affects the quality of RF.A new method for calculating receiver function,stacking and smoothing multi-seismic records in a single station,is presented in this paper.The RF results using some records and some synthetic seismograms with different noises indicate prominent mantle discontinuity and thus prove that the method is effective and satisfied.  相似文献   

9.
An explicit four-dimensional variational data assimilation method   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
A new data assimilation method called the explicit four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) method is proposed. In this method, the singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to construct the orthogonal basis vectors from a forecast ensemble in a 4D space. The basis vectors represent not only the spatial structure of the analysis variables but also the temporal evolution. After the analysis variables are ex-pressed by a truncated expansion of the basis vectors in the 4D space, the control variables in the cost function appear explicitly, so that the adjoint model, which is used to derive the gradient of cost func-tion with respect to the control variables, is no longer needed. The new technique significantly simpli-fies the data assimilation process. The advantage of the proposed method is demonstrated by several experiments using a shallow water numerical model and the results are compared with those of the conventional 4DVAR. It is shown that when the observation points are very dense, the conventional 4DVAR is better than the proposed method. However, when the observation points are sparse, the proposed method performs better. The sensitivity of the proposed method with respect to errors in the observations and the numerical model is lower than that of the conventional method.  相似文献   

10.
Althoughб-coordinate is one of the most popular methods used in marine and estuarine modeling,it has long suffered from the so-called"steep boundary problem",namely,the PGF problem.In this paper,a new method called the"б-sharpen immersed boundary method"(б-SIBM)is put forward.In this method,the virtual flat bottom boundary is creatively introduced in regions with the steep boundary and is taken as the boundary of numerical domain.By this,бHбx of numerical domain changes to be a controllable value and the steep bottom problem is then transformed to the non-conforming boundary problem,which is,in turn,solved by the SIBM.The accuracy and efficiency of theб-sharpen immersed boundary method(б-SIBM)has been showed by both comparative theoretical analysis and classical numerical tests.First,it is shown that theб-SIBM is more effective than the z-level method,in thatб-SIBM needs special treatment only in the steep section,but the z-level method needs the special treatment in each grid note.Second,it is superior to theб-method in that it is not restricted by the density distribution.This paper revisits the classical seamount numerical test used in numerous studies to prove the sigma errors of the pressure gradient force(PGFE)and their long-term effects on circulation.It can be seen that,as for the maximum erroneous velocity and kinetic energy,the value ofб-SIBM is much less than that of the z-level method and the traditionalб-method.sharpen immersed boundary method(SIBM),immersed boundary method(IBM),direct forcing method,б-coordinate,  相似文献   

11.
利用测震台网记录获得加速度波形的方法研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
研究了从测震台网速度记录获得高质量加速度波形的方法,并以天津蓟县台安装的CTSI-EDAS24速度型甚宽带地震仪和EST-Q4128型强。震仪对同一地震记录的处理分析为例,对计算步骤和处理方法进行了详细论述。处理结果的对比分析表明,该方法简单有效,拓宽了数字测震台网波形记录的服务应用范围。  相似文献   

12.
We present an approach based on controlled source seismology (CSS) methods, especially developed for processing and modeling of the local earthquake seismograms. Record sections of the local earthquake seismograms generated for multiple source depths illuminate the upper crustal velocity structure in the region. Extensive travel times and synthetic seismograms modeling of the observed record sections reveal the P and S velocity structure in the region. The strength of this approach essentially lies with the possibility of validating the upper crustal velocity models inferred in various subregions of the seismogenic region. A redundant and significantly large number of virtual source local earthquake seismogram sections, gathered for multiple source depths and varying source mechanisms in each of the subregions, validate the same set of P and S velocity models in that region. Further, those models are found to generate the synthetic seismograms consistent with the observed sections. The proposed approach effectively utilizes a reliable dataset from a great volume of well-located local earthquake recordings of a state-of-the-art digital seismograph network. Such a dataset of local earthquake seismograms in the Koyna-Warna active earthquake zone is used here to demonstrate this approach and obtained subregion-specific models of upper crustal P and S velocity structure in the epicentral region. The results indicate that the technique presented here is efficient for processing and modeling the local earthquake seismograms and deriving upper crustal velocity models in the seismogenic regions.  相似文献   

13.
研究了利用区域数字地震台网CTS1-EDASC24速度型甚宽频带地震仪和FBS3-EDASC24速度型宽频带地震仪的速度记录仿真加速度时程的有关技术与应用问题,其中包括:仿真方法的选取,仪器性能和仿真参数的分析,仿真加速度时程与SLJ100-GDQJⅡ加速度型强震仪记录结果的比较,福建及邻近地区所选用地震的仿真加速度时程(1998-07-2008-07),仿真结果在合成场地设计地震波中的应用等方面,并提供了具体的应用算例。  相似文献   

14.
研究利用测震台网数字化宽频带速度型记录仿真加速度时程,并通过提取其相位信息和拟合场地设计反应谱(目标谱)的方法来获得场地设计地震波的有关技术途径与应用实例,所提供的具体算式采用便于编程和利用快速傅氏变换(FFT)技术进行计算的离散化傅氏正逆变换的复数表达式。有关研究结果可拓宽现有地震观测资料的使用价值,减少地面运动模拟中人造地震波与原始地震记录存在的差异,并可使所合成的设计地震波满足给定的目标谱,且能较好地反映其非平稳性特征,因此在地震工程中具有实际的应用价值。  相似文献   

15.
对太原基准地震台近几年 76 3地震仪的记录资料 ,进行了多次筛选和分析研究 ,对太原台76 3地震震相记录特征和震相出现的规律做了定性的描述 ,得出适合于太原台地震分析的基本方法 ,指出了今后应加以改进的事项  相似文献   

16.
在笔记本计算机上运行的GDS-1000宽频带数字地震仪地震数据回收处理系统软件,用于在野外条件下执行现场仪器参数设置、数据回收、数据解编及地震图的开窗显示等功能。近一年的野外实际应用结果表明,该系统软件具有数据通讯快速可靠、使用灵活方便等优点。  相似文献   

17.
介绍了数字地震仪系统传递函数的特征和测定方法,给出了地震仪标定软件的使用方法和计算步骤。结合实际波形数据处理过程,着重对标定计算中参数的设置,以及需要注意的问题进行了讨论和分析。这对于正确快速地获取地震仪的传递函数具有重要的现实意义,有利于国家数字地震台站和区域地震台站地震观测系统的定期标定工作,同时也将促进数字化地震观测资料的应用研究。  相似文献   

18.
用河北张家口台速度与位移记录测定近震震级的对比   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对河北张家口台FBS-3宽频带大动态范围的数字化速度地震仪和DD—2短周期模拟位移地震仪所记录的河北张北地区的地震,利用速度和位移数据分别测定了近震震级并进行了对比分析。结果显示,在一定的震级范围内,这两种资料测定的震级基本一致,没有发现二者之间存在系统误差,标准误差也较小。可以认为,无论从其物理意义还是具体做法上,用速度测定的震级与由位移测定的震级之间能够保持较好的一致性和连续性。  相似文献   

19.
根据IRIS全球地震台网15个台的长周期地震仪记录的P波资料,用远场体波地震图反演震源破裂过程的方式,研究了2010年4月14日玉树MS7.1地震震源破裂,并与震后调查地表破裂带做了对比。结果表明:玉树地震在总体上是一次单侧破裂事件,破裂从初始破裂点(即震源位置)开始向东南方向展开,破裂离震源20km处开始贯穿至地表,沿走向方向延伸了约50km,最大滑移量达2m。这些结果与震后考察得到的地表破裂带的特征十分吻合。  相似文献   

20.
数字地震资料的预处理是每个使用数字地震资料的学者所必然要遇到的基本问题。为避免波形处理中烦琐的手工劳动,最大限度地利用微机来完成绝大部分操作,实现波形处理的程序化,是国内外地震软件学者所追求的共同目标。本文在这方面作了探索,所开发的软件确实使数字地震波形预处理变得很轻松。  相似文献   

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