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1.
[目的]评价磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)对功能区脑肿瘤手术的指导意义和应用价值.[方法]对25例患者行头部DTI检查,立体显示肿瘤与脑白质纤维束的关系,术前评估,设计手术入路,对所有病例行显微外科肿瘤切除手术治疗.[结果]本组脑肿瘤中累及脑白质纤维束区域主要位于锥体束和内囊,其中脑白质纤维束破坏13例,移位12例.肿瘤全切除11例,次全切除14例,无手术死亡.术前存在脑白质纤维束受累所致的神经功能阳性体征者术后改善13例,无变化者10例,加重2例.[结论]DTI能够清晰显示脑肿瘤对白质纤维束的累及关系,对神经外科优化手术设计、决定手术切除范围和评估术后神经功能具有指导意义.  相似文献   

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目的探讨磁共振弥散张量成像在胶质瘤术前评估中的价值。方法对19例经病理证实胶质瘤的患者术前进行弥散张量成像,观察白质纤维束与肿瘤的关系,测量肿瘤实质区和周边水肿区的FA值。结果颅内胶质瘤所致白质纤维异常有三种基本改变:移位、浸润和破坏。19例中10例移位伴破坏,5例单纯浸润,4例浸润伴破坏;肿瘤的实质区和周边水肿区的FA值与对侧大脑白质FA值相比较存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。肿瘤的实质区和周边水肿区FA值之间无统计学显著差异(P〉0.05)。结论弥散张量成像技术可以显示胶质瘤与周围白质纤维束的关系,FA值不能区分肿瘤实质与周边水肿区。  相似文献   

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目前,手术仍是脑肿瘤的首选治疗方法。如何在最大范围切除肿瘤的同时最大程度地保留神经功能,以减少术后并发症,是神经外科医生面临的一个挑战。肿瘤浸润生长及占位效应可导致脑功能区变形及重建,单纯解剖学定位不能满足对神经功能保护的要求。随着MRI技术的发展,脑功能定位成为可能,特别是磁共振弥散张量成像(diffusion tensorimaging,DTI)可以对脑白质纤维束走形进行示踪。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨弥散张量成像(DTI)在脑深部肿瘤术前评估和手术设计中的作用.方法 回顾性分析20例脑深部肿瘤病人的临床资料,利用各向异性分数(FA)图和纤维示踪图(DTT),观察白质纤维束结构、走行及其与肿瘤的毗邻关系,测量病侧白质纤维束及其对应健侧白质纤维束的FA值、弥散系数(ADC)值.结果 白质纤维束单纯推移5例,单纯破坏7例,推移并破坏8例.单纯破坏、推移并破坏者.其病侧与健侧FA值、ADC值比较均有显著差异(P <0.05);而单纯推移者,其病侧与健侧队值、ADC值比较无显著差异(P >0.05).肿瘤全切除15例,次全切除3例,部分切除2例.12例随访6个月-2年,平均1年.正常工作、学习8例,生活自理但未参加工作3例,死亡1例.结论 DTI有助于准确判断肿瘤与周围白质纤维束的毗邻关系,对脑深部肿瘤术前评估和手术设计有重要指导意义.  相似文献   

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目的利用磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)探讨脑梗死病人脑白质纤维束各向异性特征和白质纤维束受损与临床预后关系。方法对23例脑梗死患者行DTI检查,以三维立体弥散张量成像为基础的色彩图进行图像后处理,评价脑梗死区周边纤维束的情况,将纤维束分为受压移位、变细萎缩和破坏中断三类,并与临床预后、神经功能缺损程度比较。结果三维成像所见与病人预后关系密切。所有脑白质纤维束萎缩和中断的患者,在随访过程中存在不同程度脑功能损伤,而脑白质受压移位的病人神经功能完全或近乎完全恢复。结论在脑梗死中,DTI能直接观察到白质纤维束的变化,对于评估临床预后具有重要作用。  相似文献   

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目的探讨磁共振波谱分析(MRS)、血氧水平依赖成像(BOLDI)以及弥散张量成像(DTI)在脑胶质瘤外科治疗中的作用。方法23例脑胶质瘤患者术前行常规MRI、^1HMRS、DTI及BOLDI检查,根据术前影像学评估,设计手术方案切除肿瘤,并与术后病理及随访结果进行对比。结果①^1HMRS表现为NAA峰降低,Cho峰升高,Cho/Cr、Cho/NAA比值升高,NAA/Cr比值降低。高级别胶质瘤Cho/Cr、Cho/NAA、LL/Cr比值和Cho值均显著高于低级别胶质瘤(P〈0.01),且常出现Lip峰。②BOLDI表现为手运动功能区被肿瘤挤压、移位者5例,其中2例移向后方,2例移向外侧,1例移向前方。③DTI中表观弥散系数(ADC)和分数各向异性(FA)图可明确区分正常脑白质、水肿区和肿瘤边缘,并可在轴位像上观察白质纤维束被推移、浸润和破坏的程度。纤维束重建后,表现为浸润+破坏者5例,推移+破坏者4例,推移+浸润者11例,单纯推移者3例。④肿瘤全切6例,近全切8例,大部切除9例,所有患者术后无新发神经功能缺失。出院时KPS评分除1例患者60分外,其余患者均在90分以上。结论综合运用多种磁共振功能成像技术可从解剖、代谢等多方面对胶质瘤进行术前评价,以此明确诊断,可指导外科治疗,提高手术疗效,减少术后并发疖,  相似文献   

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弥散张量成像在脑肿瘤诊断及手术切除中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
近年来,磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)技术在神经外科领域已得到越来越多的应用,尤其是在脑肿瘤术前诊断,术前评估肿瘤特征,术中指导术者最大限度切除肿瘤并保护周围重要神经纤维束,以及术后评测肿瘤切除效果等方面更是目前研究的热点问题。本文即对近年来DTI在脑肿瘤诊断及手术切除中的应用情况进行综述。  相似文献   

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目的本文探讨以磁共振三维弥散张量成像(DTI)评价术前神经传导纤维情况及其在导航手术中的应用价值。方法对6例磁共振提示脑胶质瘤的病人进行两方面研究:1、术前对每例病人均以DTI评价神经传导纤维的完整性;2、DTI与神经导航序列影像融合进行术中导航。结果1、术前DTI提示2例神经纤维以推移为主、4例有不同程度神经纤维的破坏。2、本组术后弥散张量影像复查神经传导束未见进一步损伤,临床症状无加重。结论(1)DTI可以帮助医师在术前评价神经纤维损伤程度,借以估价预后。(2)DTI融合影像神经导航有助于术者设计合理的手术入路及指导手术的神经保护。  相似文献   

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目的 探讨血氧水平依赖性功能磁共振成像(BOLD - fMRI)与磁共振弥散张量成像技术(DTI)融合结合神经导航在枕叶视觉功能区附近病变切除术中的应用价值。方法 利用BOLD-fMRI、DTI结合神经导航进行图像融合,在20例视觉功能区附近病变患者术前设计手术入路,术中定位视觉功能区,指导手术,合理保护功能区,切除病变。结果 15例镜下全切除,5例大部切除。术后复查MRI及DTI视皮层及视辐射保护完好。结论 BOLD - fMRI和DTI融合技术在神经导航下应用可以准确确定大脑枕叶视觉功能区和视辐射走行,术前精确定位功能区,提高病变切除程度,降低术后致残率,提高患者术后生活质量。  相似文献   

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磁共振弥散张量成像在脑血管病中的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)是一种较新的成像技术,主要用于评估影响脑白质尤其是白质纤维束完整性的疾病,是当前惟一的一种能有效观察和追踪脑白质纤维束的非侵入性检查方法。该技术可定量分析病变组织和正常组织的弥散特征,直观显示颅内病变与白质纤维之间的关系,为诊断疾病和判断预后提供更多的信息。本文就DTI基本原理及其在脑血管病中的临床应用作一概述。  相似文献   

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A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.  相似文献   

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Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.  相似文献   

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Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.  相似文献   

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Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005  相似文献   

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After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.  相似文献   

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